Dear ladies and gentlemen, you are welcome!Welcome to the three gorge immigration memorial 《allrivers flow into one way》 exhibition hall to pay avisit. This exhibition will follow the order of time and development and showthe developing process of Wangzhou from the Upper Paleolithic to Liberation.

Wangzhou is located in northeast Chongqing andbelongs to the center of the reservoir .It is an important materialdistribution center of east Sichuan, western Hubei, Southern Shaanxi, eastern guizhouand west Hunan, enjoying the reputation of "if all the rivers flowtogether the merchants will gather."

In the center of our lobby is the copiedShiqinxiangxue ,which is one of the eight scenes in Wangzhou.Between theoriginal Wangan bridge and Wangzhou bridge lies a natural huge rock ,whichcrosses the eastern and western sides.The natural bridge is called"Tiansheng bridge" .The inside of it is waterfall which is high and lookslike frog and snow, so it is named as "Xiangxue".Under the bridge isa river flowing all the time ,the sound of which sounds like tweedle, andthe natural bridge looks like a flat lyre, so it is called"Shiqin"The scene gets its name in this way.

The history of human activities in Wangzhoudates back to long time ago. When the three gorge cultural relics were saved,archaeological workers collected some stone tools made and used by human beingsin upper paleolithic 7000 years ago in places like Dazhouzazimen andWulingshaerzui. In 5000 years before the present , the neolithic sites are all overthe two sides of the river ,and the main sites have Suhengpin, Huangbaixi andMaliutuo.Here we take the Suheping site as the original and copied what peopleliving in Suhepin would do on a normal day? People living in Suheping could notonly polish the rough stones to exquisite ones  and net to catch fish, butalso could create large ceramic pots with delicate patterns.Their living places moved from craves to theshore of the river .The houses they living were half in the ground and the wallwas made of bamboos and mud. It used the substantial wooden pole and bamboos asframework ,andwassurrounded by some fences around it.After that ,put severallayers of wet mud on it and dry it with firewood to make firm and beautifulwall frame. This is the copied stratigraphic profile of Suhenpin site. From thedistribution condition of the layers, we can imply that there are deep cultureaccumulation in new stone age, which shows that people lived there for a longtime.

The several stone tools in the showcase are fromPaleolithic age and new stone age. By contrast , the stone tools in Paleolithicage are tougher and more original and the ones in new tone age are smaller anddelicate with the development of productive level .

From the next showcase which displays small flatbottom tanks, sharp-bottom cups, tools shaped like lamp, gui and other tools ,we can imply that the SanXingDui culture in Chongqing and central culture haveaffected the Xiajiang area deeply.

The Ba was established with Chongqing was itscenter, and it reached eastern sichuan to the west , western Hubei to the east,southern Shaanxi to the north, and central guizhou and western Hunan to thesouth. The record of people living in Ba exists in the Chines earliest ancientbook---《Chinese classic》, and itputs it in a way "Ba lies in the southwest, Xian bird originates fromTaiao,Taiao originates from Chengli, Houzhao originates from Chengli, andHouzhao become people living in Ba"The leader of Ba Bing built up Yi cityand Ba country alongside the Qing river. After Bing died, his soul turned intowhite tiger and protected his people forever and ever, so the worship of peoplein Ba for tiger totems came into being.

六：70 years ago, people found some mysterioussymbols in the tools dug out of the active area Ba.These symbols includeimagines like animals and plants, and even some daily items. For example: tiger, deer, bird, turtleand fish ,whose images are very similar to  material pictures. Thosesymbols are considered to be the original event marks recording the graphiccharacters in Beat present ,we have already found 400 symbols in Ba, most ofwhich cannot be understood. The showcase displays some tools marked with Basymbols, especially the Huniuchunyu, on the top of which is the 5 groups symbols, including  humanface pattern, fish pattern, ship pattern , tiger pattern ,and palm pattern.Some of them have already been used as symbols of departments, for example ,the tiger pattern is the symbol of Wangzhou museum.Chunyu is an musical instrumentused for  giving commands during military training in the Warring Statesperiod. The word "gongs" in "beat drums and march, beat thegongs and withdraw the army" refers to Chunyu.It is discovered in HangzhouGanling reservoir. When it is discovered ,the whole body is complete and is excellent in tonequality. Because it is heavy and big, Chunyu enjoys the reputation of"Chunhui king "

In the early period , Ba were expert in hunting and fishing.Affected by Chu Culture and Central Plain Culture, they quickly grasped andlearned the technology of agriculture production and agriculture life becomes apart of their lives. There is also record about how they plant rice and oats,how they pick mulberries to feed the silkworm, and how they produce clear wine ---theclear wine of Ba and flours ---Duolin flour with grains and rice ingood quality .

From the archaeological excavation information, the main lifetools of Ba are potteries and bronze wares. Potteries are usually of Huanditool and Jiandi tool. There are not many bronze wares, and bronze pots are therepresentative among them.

Ba and Chu are neighbors. Sometimes they got together to fight ,butsometimes they also fight with each other.Ba ,compared junior ,cannot counterpowerful Chu, so Ba were forced to move the capital under the pressure ofChu.In 316BC, Qin and Chu united to attack Ba .The army general Si Macuooccupied Shu located in western Sichuan and moved on to Jianmen pass tofight Ba in middle Yangtze valley.Mounthes later ,Ba attacked by Qin and Chuwas forced to move to Jialing River Basin and destroyed silently. Although Chuoccupied large territories of Ba, it was destroyed by Qin in BC23 with Qin becoming morepowerful ,which is recorded as "after Chu occupied Zhi it destroyeditself. “From the potteries , pots and weapons displayed in the showcase, wecan imply that Ba culture and Chu culture had mutual penetrations andsupplemented each other, and in the end were inseparable. During the diggingprocess, we often find factors of Chu culture in the tombs of Ba, and find Baculture in the tombs, but it isdifficult to find a simple and angle culture in tombs.

After the wars of theSpring and Autumn period, Han emperor Liubang unified China, and made thousandsof Qin families move into Bashu area.Wangzhou fit into the united Huaxia, andgradually had more similarities with central China ,like administrative system, social life and customs and culture.Xia and Shang dynasty in Wangzhou belongsto Liangzhou area, Zhou belongs to Bazi area, and Qin belongs to Quren area.In Eastern Han Dynasty Jianan 21, libel divided Quren area to Yangqu area to be governed by Chantan town,which was the beginning of Wangzhou province.In Shu-Han Jianxin 8, itmoved to Jiangnan.In Western Wei Dynasty Feidi2, Nanpu was named Yuquan town and moved to Jiangbei.At this time ,the locationof Wangzhou was settled.

The showcase displays the iron tools in Handynasty dug out in archaeological excavation , which indicates that the ironproductive tools had been widely used in three gorges area, and the use ofwhich greatly promote the development of productivity, providing terms andconditions for the appearance of manorial economy and elaborate funeral .

In Han dynasty ,people believed that"elaborate funeral can make the soul calm" ,so they "regardeddeath as birth”. They not only built up large tombs to put all the tools anditems used when tomb owner was alive, but also made molders of what can not be buried with the buried with dead directly, such as houses, vehicles and horses, domesticanimals and attendants so that in this way they can be buried with thedead.

The next showcases displays all kinds of itemsdug out of tombs and sites in Han to six dynasties, such as various pots,bronze ware, translucent jades , dark Je, glamorous gold and silver, money,animated pottery figures, the pottery buildings and celadon pieces extra. Letus get lose to the bronze kettle. The showcase displays the copy of whatis written under the kettle “Wang has many fortunes”, which fully reflects thehopes for money of tomb owner And this bronze Xian ,inside which is coveredwith patterns and phrases. The two sides are marked with fish and heronspatterns, and in the middle is a phrase written in seal character" createdin ZhuTi in the early Yuan dynasty 3""early Yuan dynasty" is areign title of An emperor in Eastern Han ."in the early Yuan dynasty3" is AD116."Zhuti"is a town is Yunnan, and the bronze waresproduced there is very famous ,especially bronze Xian. Xian is a tool used forcarrying water and its function is similar to basin. The value of the Xian notonly lies the large shape ,complete conservation and concrete time andbirthplace but also the transformation it shows from seal script to clericalscript in inscription ,which will greatly contribute to the research on thedevelopment and evolution of Chinese handwriting.

Let us walk close to the nursing tomb figure inthe showcase. The mother held her baby, and the baby was sucking. The silencesound. The concentration and tenderness in the mother ＇s eyes make us moved by the mother's Love. AfterHan dynasty ,bronze ware gradually quit the historical stage with thedevelopment of potteries ,especially the chinaware and ironware, so it wasdifficult to find a bronze tomb figure. In the whole three gorges reservoirarea, there are on more than 10 , two of which is on display here, so they arevery precious.

Salt resources in three gorges area is veryrich. According to the  estimation of relevant departments, there are 30million tons rock salt lost only in Wangzhou area. In the center of theexhibition hall ,we copy a scene of making salt. On the north-south of themountain lies a salt well, on the top of which is a gantry fixed with a winchmainly used for the ups and downs of buckets. The gantry can be divided intotwo parts ,and each part stands a people to pull the salty water into the basinin the right of the gantry .Then use the Jian to lead the flow to the salty jarbesides  the hearth ,and put is to the salty pot to boil .After the waterboils away ,we can get the crystal-clear table salt. On the mountain road arewalking two people burdens with two bags of salt. What a prosperous and harmonyscene of making salt!

After Han , Chinese history welcomein a more prosperous dynasty---Tang! What come into our sight is a semi-sectionTang tomb copied in the  proportion of 1:1 .1978, Fu Maxiang in Wangxianfound a tomb when he was do the fundamental construction of farmland, which nowis known as "Fuma tomb “After getting the news , the Sichuan museumtogether with bureau of culture and education in Wangxian made a savingexcavation to tithe scale of the tomb is so large that is was made up ofprocessional road, burial chamber and six related rooms. Although it had beenstolen before, we still dug 100 burial goods from the tomb , and 80 are celadon pieces. What is the most precious is that we found two epitaphsfrom the tomb, and from the words in it we can infer that the tomb belongs toRan Youcai who was the doctor and Yangzhou feudal provincial ,and his wife.Hiswife was the daughter of Hanna king and was respected as the leader of aprovince. As the civilians can figure out what is "the leader of aprovince ","infant" and "princess",  they mistookher as "princess", which is the reason why "Fuma tomb"becomes famous. The next showcase displays some celadon pieces dug fromthe tomb ,whose color is of celadon .And the glass of it is very smooth and thepieces themselves are full of ice cracks. Let us see the celadon female tomb figurewearing a fitted long dress with round collar and low-cut, whose feet is out ofthe dress. This figure is a contrast from the impression we hold for Chinesewomen in the feudal society with a standard “walking without feet out of thedress and smile with less teeth”, which shows that Tang dynasty has an opensociety ,and the status of women was high. Then see the Warrior tomb figurewith high nose, big eyes ,long beards and   helmet in his head. He iswearing a coat armor ,putting his left hand on the rectangle shield and windinghis right hand on his chest .It is a classic figure of Hu, from which we cansee the close relationship between Tang and other countries.

What is known is that the publicitylanguage of Wangzhou is "consider the Flat Lake as the most fortunate”.The reason why choose it is that the fortunate story was happened inWangzhou.According to legend,Shang Zeyuan and Liyuan in Tang are close friends.Once ,they made an appointment to visit Mount Emei by ship. When the shippulled off Nanpu,they was a pregnant woman getting water by the river, Yuanzesaid to Liyuan with tears: “I am bound to be her son and now I am going to reborn. Afterthree days ,please come and see me, and I will smile to you as the proof. Inthe Mid-autumn night 13 years later ,please come to Tianzhu Temple in Hangzhou, Iwill meet you there. “After that Yuanze passed away peacefully and the pregnant womengave birth to a baby. Three days later, the baby smiled to Liyuan.13 yearslater ,Liyuan arrived at Tinashe Temple in Hangzhou to meet Yuanze when heheard the singing from a cowboy:

"there is a soul on the Rockof lives and wind and moon are what cannot be mentioned. I am ashamed of thepay , but I am still who I am after the death." ”

Hearing the words ,Liyuan knowthat he is the old friend, so he asked: “How are you,Ze?"The cowboyreplied: “you kept your promise but I cannot get close to you ,I do not finishmy common fate “After singing the words, the cowboy left and "go toQutang"---came back to Nanpu.

IfWangzhou is where the story happened, then Hangzhou is the witness offriendship between Li and Yuan. Now, in the west lake and the eastern foot ofLotus Peak, we can still see a stone as tall as 10 meters, and it is high andsteep. On the stone was carved with words " the Rock of lives" inseal script and inscription in 《Tang.Yuanji,bonze, the Rock oflives 》The inscription record the originof the Rock of lives and tell the moving story.

And the twocities --Wangzhou and Hangzhou ,the distance between which is 2000 kilometersare tied together because of the Rock of lives. What is funny is that sinceancient times,Hangzhou  is distinguished for West Lake.Now,bycoincidence,Wangzhou is also becoming more appealing because of flat lake.

DuringTang and Song Dynasties, the famous mountains and great rivers in Wangzhouattracted many poets and literary men. They sang poems and wrote Fu, leaving alot of precious cultural heritages. Standing on Gaosun river is Xishanbei, which is thehandwriting work of the great northern song calligrapher Huang Xingjian and itwas created in his old age.Huang Tingjian once held the post of officialhistorian ,and got burnt because of revising history. He was reduced to a lowerrank as  attendant officer in Peizhou and settled in Qian county.In the primary era Feb of Jian-Zhong Song Jin county,Huang Tingjian wascalled back by the Emperor Huizong of Song who just came into power. When hewas back in Wangzhou, he traveled and enjoyed the beauty of Xishan in therequirement of viceroy Gao Zhongben.Huang was so happy that he wrote the"Colophon of Xishan" and sighed with emotion “when I came to Kuizhou,I can see the Wuxiao from east and see Yuwu from west. The beauty of therivers and flows has no match ."Inscription was later be carved in a bigstone in Xishan, which is called Xishan monument with height of one meter andwidth of 2.6 meters. The whole inscription has 21 lines and 173 words. ZengGuofang once commented that the momument as “the handwriting of Huang has nomatch in the world".

Early in the Zhou dynasty, every years ＇smarch is called "Shangsi"(March 3rd).And in this mouth , the witcheswould hold a ceremony called "Xiuqi" to  to avoid the evil bybathing beside the river.Later ,people combine going outing with Xiuqi.Becausethe ceremony is usually held beside the river, the custom of eating beside theriver came into being .To increase the pleasure and interest, people would letthe cup full of wine flow down the stream, and if the cup stop by someone ,theperson should drink all the wine ,so it is called "floating wine cup alongthe winding water “Now ,in Sichuan Yibing and Hangzhou Zhejiang still have thearchaeological site for floating wine cup along the winding water. In thecenter of the exhibition hall, we recovered the "Liubeichi",which isone of the great old scenes in Wangzhou and is the only place that have beenremained with natural flawr.

In Tang and Song dynasties, drinking teawas very common and it carried to the extent that “tea is the food which has nodifference from rice and salt."The showcase displays the tea sets used in Tang and Songdynasties, containing one-hand flowing kettle with three foot and bowlsand small cups extra.

Tiansheng city, is the historic site when the Southern SongDynasty fought Yuan and is also the state protected historic site. It islocated in Tian city Liushuicun in Wangzhou.It has steep mountains ,whose cliffis close to the sky. And it is called "the city in the sky “According tolegend, Liubei once assembled his army here when he was fighting with Wu,so itwas also called "the city of emperor”. The last years of Southern SongDynasty ,the pacification military commissioner Yujie led the army and thepeople build a series of mountain defense system to resist the invasion of Mongol army, and Tiansheng city is one of the sites.AD1275, colonelgeneral Yang Dayuan of Yuan dynasty invaded Sichuan with his army ,and hisnephew surrounded Tiansheng city and attacked it day and night. The army andthe people in the city resist to surrender under the guidance of Shang Guankuiand they made desperate resistance .After 53 days ,the city was occupied byYuan and Shang also died for his nation because the lack of food andbullets.Now,there are still remained artillery battery, pools, wells and partof the defensive walls. On the precipice of Zhongzaimen still remains theinscription in Southern Song and the monument recording merits in Yuan ,and theother four doors were rebuilt in Qin dynasty.

 Wanzhou billed as "Chuandongportal" since ancient times, is the center of the upper Yangtze rivercity, also is the important transportation hub in fjard and suppliesdistribution center. Between Ming dynasty and early Qing yuan Ming and twolarge-scale "Huguang fill in Sichuan" immigrants, greatly promotedthe economic development, the formation of culture with fjard characteristics.Our eyes see is the recovery of the old city walls Wanxian municipality and thewall outside the heart of the south gate pier, the Diaojiao building built aroundthe mountain, the smooth green flag ladder extends upward from the river, theline, have a tea spoon, small shops, restaurant runs in Wanzhou delicacies"rattle", small face and grilled fish. In the distance on the cargoship sails has unloaded, a group of porters all kinds of goods to the shipcarrying, a lively, prosperous business spectacle.

   Wanzhou folk marry also has distinguishingfeature very much. Winding mountain path, banging away seeing the bridegroomoff team, a lively group. Leading way, rod, drumming, followed by is followedby the bride's sedan. When seeing the bridegroom off team arrived in family,send Qing Ze lift into the air and grains, beans, fruits and other items.Elders, sitting room, at that time and many relatives and guests oh, everywherepermeated with auspiciousness. Here we partially restored when a new situation:there are gold lacquer woodcarving of the marital bed, to marry the bride'ssedan, put clothes closet, ancestor worship the god of case and a shrine and soon.

Through the door issmoked, we saw a recovery in the late Qing county. County is located in theeast of zhu river, at that time) through the mountains, facing the Yangtzeriver, covers an area of about 1.3 square kilometers, the population of thecity about 3 to 40000 people.

Of thethree gorges project is an important channel of substances in and out ofSichuan, before the familiar route opened up, the three gorges region is mainlyrun by wooden boat. On February 16, 1898, the British businessman khalid joydrive his "Lichuan" small steam by yichang trial familiar, arrived inchongqing on March 8 ChaoTianMen wharf, became the first successful voyagefamiliar ship, a familiar routes thus opened.

Following the opium war, along with a seriesof unequal treaties signed, western powers with guns opened the door of Chinagradually. As the familiar routes opened, the imperialist countries and steppedup right of familiar route. In 1902 Britain forced the Qing government signedthe continue negotiate trade sail treaty, all kept Wanxian municipality afterchongqing in Sichuan province the second foreign trading ports. Britishimperialism with its "privilege", in the familiar freely, wanton seaheavy wooden Chinese soldiers and civilians, has made a complete killings,provoked the wrath of the military and civilian Wanxian municipality, thenational government in Guangdong in Wanxian municipality yeung sum ofmobilization work of chu teh, Linpiao, yeung sum seized the British hit andships, and to the British embassy in chongqing consular protest and claimdamages. Outrageous British imperialism assemble ships instead, in an attemptto recapture the buckle the ship, but strong resistance from defenders Wanxianmunicipality. On September 5, 1926, become angry from embarrassment of Britishimperialism was artillery fire Wanxian municipality densely populated urbanarea more than two hours, the residents of killing thousands of people, to blowup the houses shops more than thousand, damage to property 20 million yuan, hasmade the appalling "9 · 5 massacre". After the massacre, all over thecountry have held a huge campaign against the British, for the heroism of thepeople to cope with the British imperialism wanxian municipality. Today, onSeptember 5th every year on this day, will be sounding the alarm over the WanZhou, remembered the purpose is to let one this painful history.

  Withthe outbreak of Anti-Japanese War, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtzeriver of Shanghai, No njing, wuhan, town of sequential fall, the nationalgovernment move all of chongqing, a large number of westwards, supplies,equipment, personnel, funds into wanzhou, etc. As a strategic rear area theforefront of wanzhou and capital for the vault, support the front line,donations will enthusiastically, actively conscripts, bloody going to save thenation in peril made a huge sacrifice and dedication. So far in the land ofwanzhou, also laid in a heroic sacrifice for the support of the Chinesepeople's Anti-Japanese War draws international fighter - database,. To showrespect for heroes, more than half a century, there are a pair of mother andson have been wanzhou Shouling for him.

Familiar routes opened, especially the largenumber of westwards, supplies, equipment, personnel, funds etc in wanzhouwanzhou city is very crowded. Beiyang government in 1925 in wanxianmunicipality commercial port in Shanghai, formulating the urban constructionplanning. Warlord yeung sum in wanxian municipality in 1926, since the wanxianmunicipality city mayor, he built the city, at the beginning of the yeung sum"copy Europe and the United States, transforming social traditions,"radical began to municipal construction, have built a road, the road, ringroads and telegraph road 13 road, then designated shops, trade development,business prosperity. Successively to build new schools, hospitals, charitable,civilian factories, etc. June 1, 1930, after Beijing, Shanghai, tianjin,wanxian municipality is the fourth opened automatic telephone city in thecountry. In October 1931, Air China chongqing the appropriate line opening,poly fish Tuo wanxian municipality water airport, opened in succession tochengdu, chongqing, yichang, wuhan wanxian municipality four routes. From thenon, the imperialist countries bullying, oppression, wanzhou is forced from thefeudal society of farming town is hard to city modernization step by step,gradually developed into the third largest city after chengdu, chongqing,sichuan province.      

  Thedevelopment of cities, the increase of the population, the prosperity of thebusiness. All kept wanxian municipality after trading ports, Japan, the UnitedStates, France, Germany and Denmark, a total of more than 30 foreign countriessuch as company to set up branches, wanxian municipality in wanxianmunicipality build oil pool, warehouses, docks... Trade with Chinese oil,bristles, etc. Gradually developed into economic center in east sichuan,wanxian municipality for transit trade as the main function of the city, tungoil, grain, salt, cotton yarn, cloth, forest products, medicinal materials,such as commodities, both in the distribution. Tung oil trade accounts forabout two-thirds of wanxian municipality at that time, the third, at that timethe wanxian municipality is known as the "oil", as the nation'slargest tung oil trade market.

The business boom has brought finance to theeconomy. In 1907, sichuan's dredging bank opened its branch in wanzhou,becoming the first new financial institution, and since then it has mushroomed.At the time, the two roads became the economic and financial center of thecounty, and gathered here, bank of China, bank of America, bank of China, bankof China, and thousands of others. Department stores, silks, food shops,restaurants, cinemas, new restaurants, hotels, etc., are known as the hendrywatch bank. The two roads, a bustling financial centre, continued from thesecond and '30s to the beginning of the decade, as the construction of thethree gorges project was submerged.

Audience friends, wanzhou has a long historyand profound culture, have been the glory of the "chengdu-chongqingwan", believe in the party and government, under the care and support ofwanzhou must have a better tomorrow!